If you start somewhere from the lower half of the yellow circle, you must use an inductor instead of a capacitor to reach Z0, but this is going to be another story which we are not talking about right now. ![]() This is because adding a capacitor in parallel means a clockwise movement on a constant g circle, and because your destination is the center of the Smith Chart, namely Z0=50. Since you first add some inductance XL (blue box) to ZL in series, and then some capacitance XC (red box) in parallel, the combined XL+ZL must lie on upper half of the constant g=1 circle (yellow circle) on the Smith Chart. Note that ZL does NOT fall onto the forbidden region of the L-section network of the type mentioned in the first figure, so it can somehow be matched to the system impedance of Z0=50. Suppose you antenna has the load impedance of ZL=10.0-j30.0 (red dot). Now let’s take an example to see how there exits a forbidden region for a given type of network.
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